 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
A special case of a linear elastic isotropic material is an ideal gas for small
pressure deviations. From the ideal gas equation one finds that the pressure
deviation  is related to a density change
 is related to a density change  by
 by
|  | (151) | 
where  is the density at rest,
 is the density at rest,  is the specific gas constant and
 is the specific gas constant and  is the temperature in Kelvin. From this one can derive the equations
is the temperature in Kelvin. From this one can derive the equations
|  | (152) | 
and
|  | (153) | 
where 
 denotes the stress and
 denotes the stress and 
 the linear strain. This means that an ideal gas can be modeled as an isotropic elastic material with
Lamé constants
 the linear strain. This means that an ideal gas can be modeled as an isotropic elastic material with
Lamé constants 
 and
 and  . This corresponds to a
Young's modulus
. This corresponds to a
Young's modulus  and a Poisson coefficient
 and a Poisson coefficient  . Since the latter
values lead to numerical difficulties it is advantageous to define the ideal
gas as an orthotropic material with
. Since the latter
values lead to numerical difficulties it is advantageous to define the ideal
gas as an orthotropic material with
 and
 and 
 .
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